Generally speaking the materials commonly used for precision machining are divided into 2 categories.

Machining of metallic materials. Machining of non-metallic materials (e.g. ceramics, plastics, etc.)

Hardness from large to small: stainless steel > cast iron > copper > aluminum

The following Zhiyu precision mechanical parts processing small make up to say a few commonly used it, I hope it is useful to you:.

1, 45 - high quality carbon structural steel, is the most commonly used medium carbon tempering steel.

Main features: the most commonly used medium carbon tempered steel, good overall mechanical properties, low hardenability, water quenching cracking. Small parts should be tempered and large parts should be normalised.

Examples of applications: Mainly used in the manufacture of high strength moving parts such as turbine impellers, compressor pistons. Shafts, gears, racks, worm gears, etc. Welded parts should be preheated before welding and stress relieved and annealed after welding.

2, Q235A (A3 steel) - the most commonly used carbon structural steel.

Main features: high plasticity, toughness and welding properties, cold stamping properties, as well as a certain strength, good cold bending properties.

Examples of applications: Widely used for general requirements of parts and welded structures. Such as the force is not small tie rod, connecting rod, pin, shaft, screw, nut, collar, bracket, machine seat, building structure, bridge, etc..

3, 40Cr - one of the most widely used steel grades, is an alloy structural steel.

Main features: after tempering, with good overall mechanical properties, low temperature impact toughness and low notch sensitivity, good hardenability, oil cooling can be obtained when the fatigue strength of high, water-cooled complex shape of the parts easy to produce cracks, cold bending plasticity, tempering or tempering after good machinability, but the weldability is not good, easy to produce cracks, before welding should be preheated to 100 ~ 150 ℃, generally in the tempered state Under the use of carbonitriding and high-frequency surface quenching treatment can also be carried out.

Application examples: quenched and tempered for the manufacture of medium speed, medium load parts, such as machine tool gears, shafts, worm gears, spline shafts, thimble bushings, etc., quenched and high-frequency surface quenching for the manufacture of high surface hardness, wear-resistant parts, such as gears, shafts, spindles, crankshafts, mandrels, sleeves, pins, connecting rods, screws and nuts, intake valves, etc., quenched and tempered at medium temperature for the manufacture of heavy, medium-speed impact parts, such as oil pumps Rotors, sliders, gears, spindles, rings, etc., after quenching and low-temperature tempering for the manufacture of heavy-duty, low-impact, wear-resistant parts, such as worm shafts, spindles, shafts, rings, etc., carbonitriding at that after the manufacture of larger size, low-temperature impact toughness of transmission parts, such as shafts, gears, etc.

4、HT150 - grey cast iron

Application examples: gear box body, machine tool bed, box, hydraulic cylinder, pump body, valve body, flywheel, cylinder head, belt wheel, bearing cover, etc.

5、35 - Common materials for various standard parts and fasteners

Main characteristics: appropriate strength, good plasticity, high cold plasticity, weldability is still possible. Can be partially upsetting and drawing in the cold state. Low hardenability, normalised or tempered

Application examples: suitable for the manufacture of small cross-sectional parts, parts that can withstand large loads: such as crankshafts, levers, connecting rods, hook and loop, etc., a variety of standard parts, fasteners

6、65Mn - commonly used spring steel

Application examples: small size of a variety of flat, round springs, cushion springs, spring springs, can also be made of spring rings, valve springs, clutch springs, brake springs, cold coil spiral springs, card springs, etc.

7、0Cr18Ni9 - the most commonly used stainless steel (American steel number 304, Japanese steel number SUS304)

Features and applications: as stainless steel used most widely, such as food equipment, general chemical equipment, the original energy industrial equipment

8、Cr12 - commonly used cold work tool steel (U.S. steel D3, Japanese steel SKD1)

Characteristics and applications: Cr12 steel is a widely used cold working tool steel, is a high carbon high chromium type of Leithite steel. The steel has good hardenability and good wear resistance; as the carbon content of Cr12 steel is as high as 2.3%, so the impact toughness is poor, easy to brittle crack, and easy to form uneven eutectic carbide.

Cr12 steel due to good wear resistance, mostly used in the manufacture of impact load requires high wear resistance of cold punching die, punch, undercut die, cold upsetting die, cold extrusion die punch and concave die, drill sleeve, gauge, wire drawing die, embossing die, thread rolling plate, deep drawing die and powder metallurgy with cold pressing die, etc.

9、DC53 - commonly used Japanese imported cold work die steel

Characteristics and applications: High strength and toughness cold work die steel, Japan Daido special steel (Co.) manufacturers steel. After high temperature tempering with high hardness, high toughness, good wire cutting. 9 used for precision cold stamping die, drawing die, thread rolling die, cold punching and cutting die, punch, etc.

10、SM45 - ordinary carbon plastic mould steel (Japanese steel number S45C)